Can Woolly Worms Really Predict the Winter Weather

Legend has it that the woolly worm, a tiger moth caterpillar, can portend what weather winter will bring. In the fall, people look for wandering woolly worms to determine whether winter will be mild or harsh. How much truth is there in this old adage? Can woolly worms really predict the winter weather? What Is a Woolly Worm? The woolly worm is actually the larval stage of the Isabella tiger moth, Pyrrharctia Isabella. Also known as woolly bears or banded woolly bears, these caterpillars have black bands at each end, and a band of reddish-brown in the middle. The Isabella tiger moth overwinters in the larval stage. In the fall, caterpillars seek shelter under leaf litter or other protected places. The Legend of the Woolly Worm According to folk wisdom, when the brown bands on fall woolly bears are narrow, it means a harsh winter is coming. The wider the brown band, the milder the winter will be. Some towns hold annual woolly worm festivals in the fall, complete with caterpillar races and an official declaration of the woolly worms prediction for that winter. Are the woolly worms bands really an accurate way to predict the winter weather? Dr. C.H. Curran, former curator of insects at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, tested the woolly worms accuracy in the 1950s. His surveys found an 80% accuracy rate for the woolly worms weather predictions. Other researchers have not been able to replicate the success rate of Currans caterpillars, though. Today, entomologists agree that woolly worms are not accurate predictors of winter weather. Many variables may contribute to changes in the caterpillars coloration, including larval stage, food availability, temperature or moisture during development, age, and even species. Woolly Worm Festivals Although the woolly worms ability to predict the winter weather is a myth, the woolly bear is revered by many. In the fall, many communities in the U.S. celebrate this cuddly caterpillar by hosting Woolly Worm Festivals, complete with caterpillar races.   Where to go to race a woolly worm: Woolly Worm Festival - Held the 3rd weekend of October in Banner Elk, NCWoolly Worm Festival - Held in mid-October in  Lewisburg, PAWoolly Worm Festival - Held in October in Beattyville, KYWoolly Worm Festival - Held in early October in Vermilion, OHApple Festival - Held in late September in Central Square, NY (Woolly worm races are held as a fundraiser for the local search and rescue team.)

The Importance Of A Family On Cultural Diversity - 1515 Words

This essay will examine what is means to be a ‘family’ in various cultures. It will focus on three main points stated by Cheal, D (2001). The essay firstly looks at the different forms of family due to cultural diversity. Does it mean biology is important for kinship or can family be extended further than the blood? (Eriksen, 2004). As the nuclear family used to be seen at the ‘traditional family’ the discussion of if this has changed and how this has will be stated. Secondly the situational diversity and what could cause family form to change. With many aspiring for a nuclear family I will examine if certain conditions such as ethnicity, income effect this, as well the ‘taboo’ of polygyny families and when it’s seen as acceptable in cultures. Lastly the essay will briefly look at individualization and why individual preferences have caused a decrease in the nuclear family. The nuclear family is often known as the traditional family in western societies consisting of a married couple living together with their biological children. It’s believed that the nuclear family is the â€Å"fundamental building block† on which bigger family relations can be built on. Childrearing practices are also constructed on a monogamous relationship. (Ribbens McCarthy, and Edwards, 2011). Sociologist believed that family’s followed a typical family pathway were you would live with you parents and siblings, you would leave home and marry producing a small number of children and once yourShow MoreRelatedThe Structure Of The American Family Structures933 Words   |  4 PagesThe understanding of the Diverse Family Structures is important as the structure of the American family grows and changes. To be an effective teacher you need to understand your students and their family structure. Some reach I did on this to become more equipped in understanding the family structure while teaching diversity The Many Kinds of Families in Our Communities by Julie Edwards describes the many different types of family structures and a brief description of each one. The next articleRead MoreThe Impact Of Diversity On Strategic Marketing1556 Words   |  7 PagesThe impact of diversity in strategic marketing in today’s society has increased in the American population. Before we get in depth with this let’s find out what is diversity marketing according to (diversity marketing) Customers in different cultures have different values, experiences, expectations, and ways of interacting. Even within a culture, such differences will be apparent between different subgroups not just ethnicity, but also age, gender, profession, religion, family size, physical environmentRead MoreThinking About Diversity and Inclusion808 Words   |  4 PagesThinking about diversity and inclus ion 1. What are the dimensions of cultural diversity? Identify and briefly explain the dimensions by referencing both textbooks. The dimensions of cultural diversity consist of in the diverse cultures in the world. The diversity is the different race, gender, age, ethical, language, religion, education, and more. The geographic region and the social roll are the result of the cultural diversity in the world. The diversity is variable and depends of the human’sRead MoreCultural Diversity At The California College Of Arts1234 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: CULTURAL DIVERSITY 1 CULTURAL DIVERSITY 6 Cultural diversity Name Professors Name Institution Date Introduction Cultural diversity has impacted the American Society and studies as well. It is important to encourage students to explore the diversity of culture in America and also understand how culture has changed the landscape. The essence of studying diversity in culture is to help students understand the global community interrelations and how ethnicity, raceRead MoreCultural Diversity in Nursing Care1000 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Diversity in Nursing Care Rhonda Dilks Grand Canyon University Family Health Promotion NRS 429V November 01, 2010 Cultural Diversity in Nursing Care Health in all cultures is an important aspect of life. A person’s cultural background, religion and/or beliefs, greatly influences a person’s health and their response to medical care (Spector, 2004). These diverse cultures guide decisions made in daily life; what food eaten, living arrangements made, medications taken and medicalRead MoreEssay on Diversity and Multicultural Education in the Classroom1561 Words   |  7 Pageslanguage, socioeconomics, gender, family structure, and disabilities can all affect the ways in which we learn. Educators must take special measures in the delivery of classroom instruction to celebrate the learning and cultural differences of each of their students. As communities and schools continue to grow in diversity, teachers are searching for effective educational programs to accommodate the various learning styles of each student while promoting acceptance of cultural differences throughout theRead MoreDiversity Is A Diverse Personality That Cultivates Within Any Group Setting936 Words   |  4 Pagesthat carries an adventurous circle of diversity. I am a 38-year-old African American who finds herself looking for opportunities in every day’s life cycle. I find my personality as a diverse personality that cultivates within any group setting. Over the years, I have come to learn diversity is everyday lifestyles, whether it is faced on by grocery shopping, employment etc. I have learned there is no way around diversities and its settings; however, diversity is a direction of your reflection. Read MoreEthics And Standards For Professional Psychology1264 Words   |  6 Pagesissues of a multi-faith setting, information and research on omitting religion and spirituality as well as the importance of maintaining a bias view of any and all religious and spiritual values. This paper also identifies the benefits reported when using Secular and Theistic therapy. Religion and Spirituality is best used in therapy w hen â€Å"Psychologists are aware of and respect cultural, individual, and role differences, including those based on age, gender, gender identity, race, ethnicity, cultureRead MoreEssay on Cultural Diversity in Nursing Care986 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Diversity in Nursing Care November 01, 2010 Cultural Diversity in Nursing Care Health in all cultures is an important aspect of life. A person’s cultural background, religion and/or beliefs, greatly influences a person’s health and their response to medical care (Spector, 2004). These diverse cultures guide decisions made in daily life; what food eaten, living arrangements made, medications taken and medical advice listened to. A nurse must be knowledgeable and respectful of theseRead MoreDiversity and Cultural Competence in Family Therapy Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pages Diversity and Cultural Competence in Family Therapy A therapist will face problems, issues and client troubles everyday. The professional must understand how their client relates to the world around them. These feelings and ideas affect how the client sees the problem and how they respond to their situation. Their actions, in turn, have bearing on individual thoughts, needs, and emotions. The therapist must be aware of the clients history, values, and culture in order to provide

Tupac Free Essays

There are many conspiracy theories concerning the life and death of Tupac Shakur. Tupac Amaru Shakur was an American rapper and actor. Tupac was born New York, New York, United States on 16 June 1971. We will write a custom essay sample on Tupac or any similar topic only for you Order Now His birth name was Lesane Parish Crooks. Tupac was killed on September 13, 1996, in Las Vegas, Nevada. There have been many different stories about his death. People say he is still alive and then people said he is dead. There have also been people saying his death was caused because of his music and the Illuminati killed him. Various conspiracy theorists throughout the public believe that the Illuminati killed Tupac because he was exposing them and also not promoting the ideals that they desired. The ways Tupac exposed the Illuminati was one way by his lyrics in his songs, for example: in one of his songs it says: â€Å"im seeinin’ demons hittin’ weed got me hearin’ screams† scared to go to sleep, watch the scene like a dope-fiend peobably be punished for it (exposing the Illuminati), thiugh you can’t ignore it. I live the life of a thug nigga, and die for it niggaz pass the clip and watch me bring em to the floor I got some shit that they ain’t ready for (what you got? ) I got the secretz of was† (about the illuminati). Another example of how Tupac exposed the Illuminati in his lyrics is another song he wrote, he said: â€Å"Busters dhot me five times, real niggaz don’t die cant ya hear me? Laced with this game, I know you fear me spit the secret to war, so (Illiminati) cowards fear me my only fear of death is renicarnation heart of a solider with a brain to teach your whole nation (about the illuminati) And feelin no more pain. Another example of how Tupac exposed the Illuminati was by using symbols in his music videos, album cover pictures, and etc. Illuminati symbols are branched across numerous things you come across in your everyday life. The pryamid, the â€Å"all seeing eye† (of Horus or Lucifer (Represents the knowledge Lucifer gave to the secret Societie s)), the using of the devil horns with your hands, the flashing if a 666 by using the symbol for â€Å"okay†. Tupac’s final album was called: The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory. The theme of all the songs had to do with the Illuminati. Before going to prison, Tupac was conveying the ideals such as â€Å"thug life,† drinking, having sex, and other ideals that the people wanted to hear. Tupac had been to jail many times before. In 1995, Tupac lost his temper when he was cut from a film and was arrested when he assaulted the film’s director. Also, in 1995, a jury convicted him of sexual abuse and sentenced him to four and a half years in prison. After eight months in prison Shakur was released when Suge Knight, head of Death Row Records, paid his one-million-dollar bail. After the last time he got out of jail, he was more of a Christian came out of prison as a changed man. In 1994 Tupac was against the Illuminati’s concepts also. Tupac started promoting more positive ideas very effectively due to the amount of respect he gained. He was then considered a threat to the Illuminati leading people to believe that this may have led to the Illuminati plotting his death. The development of the Illuminati was founded on May 1, 1776, in Ingolstadt (Upper Bavaria) and became known as the Order of the Illuminati, with an initial membership of 5, by Jesuit-taught Adam Weishaupt (d. 830), who was the very first lay professor of canon law at the University of Ingolstadt. It was made up of freethinkers as a descendant of the Enlightenment and appears to have actually been modeled on the Freemasons. The Illuminati’s members took a vow of silence and pledged obedience to their superiors. Group members were split into 3 primary sections, each with a numbe r of qualifications, and lots of Illuminati chapters drew membership from other Masonic lodges. (Illuminati History) Originally Weishaupt had planned the order to be named the â€Å"Perfectibilists†. The group has also been called the Bavarian Illuminati and its ideology has been called â€Å"Illuminism†. Many influential intellectuals and progressive politicians counted themselves as members, including Ferdinand of Brunswick and the diplomat Xavier von Zwack, the second-in-command of the order. The order had branches in most European countries: it reportedly had around 2,000 members over the span of ten years. It attracted literary men such as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Johann Gottfried Herder and the reigning dukes of Gotha and Weimar. In 1777 Karl Theodor became ruler of Bavaria. He was a proponent of Enlightened Despotism and his government banned all secret societies including the Illuminati. Internal rupture and panic over succession preceded its downfall, which was affected by the Secular Edict made by the Bavarian government. ] The March 2, 1785 edict â€Å"seems to have been deathblow to the Illuminati in Bavaria. † Weishaupt had fled and documents and internal correspondences, seized in 1786 and 1787, were subsequently published by the government in 1787. Von Zwack’s home was searched to disclose much of the group’s literature. There are also theories about Tupac faking his death, and he is still alive. The 7 Day Theory is an idea pushed by the proponents that attempt to find the smallest details of any situation in order to provide more support for the conspiracy. This evidence is very disputable, because some will slightly alter details in order to gain the evidence needed. Deep personal research is suggested when inspecting the details of the 7 Day Theory. The repetition of an occurrence of numbers can happen anytime. The Number 23, a movie from New Line Cinema, mentioned multiple occurrences of the number 23. Using these occurrences of numbers for support is weak and quite silly. Some believers of the conspiracy favor to point out the 7 Day Theory. A main focus of that is the title of one of his albums, The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory. Many parts of his life and death bring about suspicion that focuses on the number 7. It is noticed that Tupac survived 7 days after he was shot. He was shot on the 7th of September and managed to stay alive until the 13th. That is seven days if you include the day he was shot. Others also notice that he was officially announced dead at 4:03 p. m. As we know, four plus three equals seven. Tupac, aka Makaveli, died at the age 25. His age of death is another key factor that relates two numbers adding up to 7. Two plus five happens to equal seven. Another coincidence that is suspect to this significance of 7 is the release date of All Eyez on Me. Tupac died exactly seven months after the release of the album, which was released on February 13, 1996. Tupac died on September 13, 1996 (Scott, 1997). One of the major components of the conspiracy theories is the lyrics of Tupac’s songs. Many believe that Pac left us clues about, and even foretelling, his death. By examining bits and pieces of his music, conspiracists hope to extract a deeper meaning to them as a whole. One song he wrote was named: â€Å"Ambitionz az a Ridah†, the lyrics were: â€Å"Blast me but they didn’t finish, didn’t diminish my powers so now I’m back to be a muthaf*kin’ menace, they cowards that’s why they tried to set me up, had b*tch a*s niggas on my team so indeed they wet me up, but I’m back reincarnated. † Many believers take this statement to suggest Tupac was reincarnated as Makaveli. Another song he wrote was â€Å"Blasphemy†, the lyrics were: â€Å"I’m contemplating thoughts, wondering the thought to go, Brotha getting shot coming back resurrected. † Here, a direct statement about coming back is made. One last song was â€Å"Only Fear of Death†, the lyrics were: â€Å"Never will I die, I’ll be back. † Here is a third instance in which Tupac implies his resurrection. On multiple accounts, he mentions a plot but never specifies his plan of action. There are many conspiracy theories concerning the life and death of Tupac Shakur. Many say the Illiminati killed him, and then there’s theriors that he faked his death, and he is living in cuba. Citations â€Å"BallerStatus. com. † BallerStatus. com. Ronnie Gamble, 24 Aug. 2009. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. http://www. ballerstatus. com/2009/08/24/tupac-vs-the-illuminati-hmmmm-is-there-more-behind-this/. Houston, Akil. â€Å"Shakur, Tupac. † Encyclopedia of African American History, 1896 to the Present: From the Age of Segregation to the Twenty-first Century. Ed. Paul FinkelmanNew York: Oxford UP, 2008. Oxford African American Studies Center. Fri Nov 02 00:59:44 EDT 2012. http://www. oxfordaasc. com/article/opr/t0005/e1089. Illuminati History Secrets. † Illuminati History. Illuminati History, 2012. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. ;http://www. illuminatihistory. net/;. â€Å"Illuminati. † Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 28 Oct. 2012. Web. 02 Nov. 2012. ;http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Illuminati;. How to cite Tupac, Essay examples

McDonalds Case Study

Question: Write about the McDonalds Case Study. Answer: CSR stands for Corporate Social Responsibility which means the responsibility of the business houses which they have towards the society. It means that each corporate house has some responsibility towards the society and they have to contribute something to the society out of the profits they make. McDonalds, one of the leading fast food chains of US, also contributes to the society and has proven to be a socially responsible organization at every step. McDonalds has presented a number of projects at various places to prove them a socially responsible organization(Nilekani 2009). In the year 1990, McDonalds did its first project towards the society. It was the project collaborated with Environmental Defense Fund which was done to find a way to reduce or recycle plastic and other materials from various restaurants. McDonalds has also did its work to protect animal and has done projects for wildlife welfare. McDonalds also became a member of Sustainable Agricultural Initiative and look into the matters which improves the methods of sustainable agriculture in the world. In the recent past, McDonalds has also became a member if World Wildlife Fund and has done things to protect the wildlife of the world. Hence, these are some of the projects and areas in which McDonalds has contributed to the society at various levels and areas and has portrayed itself as a socially responsible corporate organization. Hence, McDonalds has been a socially responsible corporate and has proved to be a good organization(Arora 2014). Marketing strategies are the various strategies which the company follows or decides to follow to increase the sales of the company. Bilson has provided a three step marketing framework for marketing which he has told in general for all the organizations(Katie 2013). The three step marketing strategies which Bilson has told are- Develop a value proposition for the company i.e. it means develop a brand image of the company so as to increase the sales of the company Increase the sustainability of the companys image by making people aware and making them like and know about the product more. Be a socially responsible corporate and measure what has to be done with what has already been done. McDonalds has proven itself at each step and as Bilson had stated has effectively tapped the market at each step. In order to increase the sales and do a good marketing of the product, McDonalds initially has developed a good brand image of itself starting from USA and then opening various outlets at various countries and hence has grown with time. Secondly, by offering various discounts and meals, which are liked by the children as well as the adults, because of the conveyance as well as the gifts, McDonalds has established itself well in the market and seeped its presence in the market. At last, McDonalds at each step has proved to be a socially responsible corporate and has been part of various projects. Hence, McDonalds has adopted Bilsons marketing strategies effectively and efficiently(Demmerling 2014). Bibliography Arora, AK 2014, McDonalds India, viewed 12 April 2017, https://www.mcdonaldsindia.net/corporate-social-responsibility.aspx. Demmerling, T 2014, Corporate Social Responsibility Overload? Katie, J 2013, Role of CSR in Todays World and does it Provide any Competitive advantage, Springer, New York. Nilekani, N 2009, Casestudyinc, viewed 12 April 2017, https://www.casestudyinc.com/corporate-social-responsibility-csr-and-mcdonalds.

The Potato Dance free essay sample

Ive been interested in Native Americans and their culture since I was a little girl. I can track my enthusiasm back to kindergarten, when I had a coloring book featuring the Blackfoot tribe (and the Europeans they were eventually forced to make treaties with). I was fascinated by everything from their feather headdresses to the way that their horses were tethered. I colored every single person in the book bright, scarlet red. My knowledge and awareness of the culture and history of Native American tribes have, thankfully, grown more sophisticated since I was small. In my middle school religion class, I wrote not about Christianity or Buddhism, but about the creation stories of the Algonquin tribes of the Northeast. As a sophomore in high school, I wrote a thirty-page paper about the history and religious traditions of Native American tribes in the Southwest. I did an independent study on contemporary religious practices of the Navajo. We will write a custom essay sample on The Potato Dance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This year, Im taking a class at Dartmouth College that surveys modern issues facing Native Americans. One aspect of my interest in Native American culture has remained constant throughout my life. Every year, in early May, I spend three days at the Dartmouth Pow-Wow. Its an event hosted by the college since 1971, where drum groups and dancers from many tribes are invited to compete and celebrate their heritage. When I was little I went to watch the elaborate and colorful costumes spin around during the mens traditional dance. My friends would come and look over the hand-made silver jewelry that was sold during the intermissions, and wed all wish for the intricately beaded necklaces many of the older women wore. Since Ive started high school, the lure of silver rings and cheap burgers no longer draws my friends to the Pow-Wow, but I keep going back. Ill sit by myself for hours on the side of the arena, watching the dancers and listening to the drumming circles. The more Ive learned about Native culture the more I grow to admire it. The resiliency that the people of Native nations has shown in the past few hundred years greatly surpasses that of many people; they resisted genocide, forced assimilation, and, eventually, the termination process to emerge stronger. Last spring, I participated more in the Pow-Wow than I ever had before. It all began when I offered to watch a dancers little brother while he competed. He was about my age, maybe a little older, and had on a costume for the mens traditional dance. Its a dynamic and sometimes quick-paced dance, so his costume had dozens of feathers dangling off his arms and legs to enhance his movements. I said sure, after all, I was only watching. The little boy had a wonderful costume, too; he had rows and rows of yarn fringe in fantastic colors all over his shirt and pants. I guessed that he was dressed for the grass dance competition. As the song finished, the announcer called for the start of the potato dance. Its traditionally a dance for couples, where they hold a potato between their foreheads while attempting to dance with the beat. The last couple remaining with the potato still between their foreheads wins, and some say this is a good omen for their relationship. When the dancer came back to pick up his brother, he noticed me eying the couples lining up to the potato dance. He put his brother down and asked me, â€Å"Do you want to dance?† I had never, ever, been more excited to say yes in my life. We lined up, me in my red cowboy boots and my high school varsity jacket and him still in his costume, with all the other couples. Luckily we got a very large, flat potato, so it wouldnt be a great difficulty to keep it between our foreheads. As the music began, I realized that I knew the steps more than I thought I would. It was music I was familiar with, even though I didnt yet understand the language of the singers. I had seen countless dancers move their feet to this rhythm, and suddenly I was, too! I looked up at him and he was smiling too, probably grateful that I didnt have two left feet. Through some fantastic twist of fate, for my dancing skills were definitely not the best in the arena, we made it through to the final four until we were eliminated. As my partner and I walked back to the bleachers, I thought of the hours spent reading the journals of missionary priests living on reservations and the countless talks with my history, English, and art teachers about the cultures of Native tribes. And then, I realized something. While my family is Irish, through and through, a part of the culture of the Pow-Wow and of the Native Americans has become my own. It wasnt because of my research or my knowledge of important court cases. It was because of the simple act of being asked to dance that I was, if even for a moment, a living and breathing part of the Native community.

Using Photographs and Illustrations to Support Reading Comprehension

Using Photographs and Illustrations to Support Reading Comprehension Whether they are the cave drawings in the south of France, the cartoons of Hogarth or Satellite pictures, illustrations and photos are powerful ways for students with disabilities, especially difficulty with text, to find and retain information from textbooks and non-fiction. That, after all, is what reading comprehension  is about: understanding and retaining information, and having the ability to retell that information, not performance on multiple choice tests.   Often students with reading difficulties are so stuck I find, when working with struggling readers, that they get so stuck on the code - decoding unfamiliar multi-syllabic words, that they dont get as far as the meaning. More often than not, they actually miss the meaning. Focusing students on text features, such as the illustrations and the captions help students focus on the meaning and authors intent before they actually have to read any text.   Illustrations will help students Understand what the author believes is important in the text.Visualize the context of the non-fiction text (especially history or geography) or content of the chapter/article.  For students who struggle with text, the visual representation of content will help them see the important content.  Learn text specific vocabulary.  An illustration of an insect in a biology text or a plant in a botany text will be accompanied by captions or labels.  Be sure that students note that information in the text.   Using Pictures and Illustrations in Conjunction with Other Text Features An essential part of SQ3R  (Scan, Question, Read, Review, Reread) a long term strategy for developmental reading is to Scan the text.  Scanning basically includes looking over the text and identifying important information. Titles and Subtitles are the first stop on a text walk.  Titles will also help introduce the important topic spedific vocabulary.  Expect a chapter about the Civil War to have specific vocabulary in the subtitles. Be sure to have a list of focus words for flash cards before you start your text walk: Give (or have available) 3 by 5 cards available for students to write down the text specific vocabulary as your do the text walk together.   Captions and Labels accompany most pictures, and should be read as you do the text walk.  Be sure students record all of the important vocabulary, even if they can read them.  Depending on your students sophistication, a picture or a written definition should go on the back.  The purpose should be for your students to be able to define the vocabulary using their own words. The Reading Strategy - The Text Walk The first time you teach the strategy, you will want to walk the child through the whole process.  Later it will be better if you can fade some of your support and have students take more responsibility for the text walk.  This would be a great activity to do in partners across abilities, especially if you have students who benefit from the structure but have stronger reading skills. After reviewing the titles and pictures, have students make predictions:  What will you read about?  What do you want to know more about as you read?  Did you see a picture that surprised you?   Then scan together for vocabulary they should have on their flashcards.  Make a list on the board or using a document on the digital projector in your classroom.

Integrated Marketing Communications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Integrated Marketing Communications - Essay Example This piece of research paper reviews a brief literature on Integrated Marketing Communication and presents a strategic integrated marketing communication plan for Bodyfit Studio, which is a local gym and health-fitness centre in London. This paper addresses the relevance of IMC in today’s business and analyzes various steps involved in implementing the IMC plan. Integrated Marketing Communication Lamb, hair and McDaniel (2008, P. 413) described that IMC is an effective management program that coordinates and integrates among various promotional tools like advertising, sales promotion, public relation, personal selling, event marketing and interactive selling etc in order to ensure consistency in the messages to be communicated to the customers. As Schultz and Schultz (2004, p. 3) noticed, IMC enables a business accelerate its returns on investment mainly by linking its organizational goals and communication programs. As shown in the diagram, IMC is closely related to the promo tion mix elements of the 4Ps of marketing, they are Product, Price, Promotion and Place. IMC has been found to be an effective marketing strategy that helped firms improve operational efficiency, maintain stronger market share, create brand image, maintain better relationship with customers and thus to achieve sustainable competitive advantages. Planning, designing and developing of brand communication program play vital roles in the success of IMC program. IMC is widely used as a marketing technique that designs and develops systematic and measurable brand communication program with stakeholders of a business including customers, employees, suppliers etc. (Belch and Belch 2007, p. 11). For any business, the brand, mission and vision statements and proposition messages are very critical elements and these are to be communicated to its customers. IMC ensures effective communication, keeping consistency in messages, of the relevant messages to the potential customers. Factors to be co nsidered in setting up an IMC plan Basically, IMC is a marketing program that involves planning, coordination, integration, and implementation of various types of advertising and promotional activities (Shimp, 2008, p. 10). The major factors and features to be considered for planning and designing the IMC for the Bodyfit Studio are: Starting with studying, analyzing and evaluating the requirements and attitudes of targeted customers, Design and develop brand communication program, Identify the appropriate tools that can be used for the task Consider to maintain consistency in messages, Emphasizing on relationship building rather than focusing on engaging in flings’ Maintaining long-term focus on the ultimate objectives (Shimp, 2008, p. 11- 18). IMC plan for Bodyfit Studio Bodyfit Studio, that offers gym, Yoga and body fitness classes and healthcare services, wishes to retain its customers and attract more through an effective communication program. Though there are competitio ns between Bodyfit and quite a few numbers of other gym-centers like Virgin Active, Squash Class in its surroundings. Below is an IMC plan for the Bodyfit company to communicate effectively to its customers with an intention of retaining them and attracting more as well. As Belch and Belch (2007, p. 24) stressed, an effective

Evolution of Purchasing in Supply Chain Research Paper

Evolution of Purchasing in Supply Chain - Research Paper Example This technique gave many business organizations the motive to venture into diverse money-oriented activities that aim at simplifying arbitrage, reducing agency cost, improving the price-to-value relationship, leveraging the money spent in an organization and implementing contracts that homogenize terms and condition across the company or organization. As a result of strategic sourcing, customers could get their products at the right time, at right quantity, at the right quality, at the right price, in the right place from the right supplier. Although strategic sourcing provided almost everything that an organization requires for quick and higher profit gain, other values were not obtained, and supplier relationship management (SRM) become the succeeding evolution in purchasing. This concept involved the supplier and the customer establishing an interpersonal relationship with middle persons. The companies would then use the relationship or any organization involved to maximize their benefit from that interaction. It requires careful collaboration with the primary suppliers to realize and uncover new benefits while reducing all the risk involved in the operation. With all these concept being embraced in business strategies, the current activities is being supplied with integrated innovation and business intelligence capabilities that aim at addressing the changing continues customer demands. In conclusion, purchasing in the supply chain has evolved even more to a greater level.

Should the Government Subsidize Higher Education Essay

Should the Government Subsidize Higher Education - Essay Example This paper approve that people who have higher education are able to distribute their time and resources more rationally, thus the effectiveness of their labor is increased. It is also that they are taught to use the variety of methods for solving this or that problem instead of concentrating on one method. Higher education gives its recipients the basic knowledge in different spheres of social and cultural science, thus presenting them a massive of additional information that is often helpful in their future job. It is also that government subsidizing of higher education gives opportunities to obtain financial and social status to those who wouldn't have managed to earn it otherwise. It's a proven fact that people with a degree earn more than those who don't have it, thus higher education is the only way to wealthy life for most of the American citizens. This esay makes a conclusion that the system of subsidizing of the higher education in the U.S should be changed for to open the access to education to those who are really unable to finance by themselves, instead of lowering the college expenditures for those who can already allow paying for it. The amount of merit-based aid should be decreased for to increase the expenditures for the need-based aid. It is also that the financial aid should be rather given in the form of grants instead of making students take the loans they later have great difficulties repaying.

Pro-Natal Policies Analysis

Pro-Natal Policies Analysis Pro-Natal Policies in Norway Background Norway’s average fertility rate over the past 10 years is about 1.9, compared to Singapore’s average of 1.25 over the same period (The World Bank, 2014). Furthermore, 5 out of 6 women between the ages of 30-39 still remain employed (BBC News, 2006). Norway is Scadinavia’s richest country, enjoying an oil boom which started 40 years ago (Mohsin, 2014). Most of its revenues are channelled into a wealth fund that has accumulated to $890 billion, or about $170,000 per person. These oil revenues allow for large budget surpluses, protect government schemes from recessions, and provide resources for the future (Rindfuss et al.). The Nordic welfare states have a long-running tradition of implementing policies directed at the family (Rà ¸nsen, 2004). However, these policies are not for pro-natalist reasons, but rather based on their ideas of gender equality and a general concern for the well-being of families and their children. Also, Norwegian society holds the philosophy that children are an essential part of society (Andersen, 2012). Policies Child Benefit The child benefit is paid to all families with children below the age of 18 to cover their costs of having children (Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion). It is paid per child from the month after the child’s birth till the month before the child turns 18. In 2012, the child benefit was â‚ ¬ 119 per month. A single provider is entitled to an additional child benefit. Parental Leave Benefit Families receive the parental leave benefit upon the birth of a child, a scheme that was started way back in 1956 (BBC, 2014; Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion, 2014). For most families, this continues until the child is about a year old. The goal of the parental leave benefit is to make it financially feasible for one parent to care for the child at home during its first year, as well as to facilitate equality in parenting. A period of 47 weeks with parental leave benefits, or 57 weeks with reduced benefits (80% of pay) is shared between the parents to provide income for the first year of the child (Anderson, 2012; Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion, 2014). After the first year, the child is entitled to a place in a day-care centre and/or a cash benefit. Mothers have the right to parental leave benefits if they have worked for at least 6 out of the last 10 months (Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion). Mothers who do not fulfill this requirement have entitlement to a lump sum maternity grant. In 2011, this grant was â‚ ¬ 4310 per child. The three weeks before and six weeks after birth have to be taken by the mother as part of the parental leave benefit period. The father also has to fulfil a minimum quota of leave (Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion, 2014; BBC News, 2014), with the Norwegian government has planning to lengthen this by one more week. The rest of the leave period can be freely shared between both parents. When the father takes any leave outside of his quota, he has to take up primary care of the child. A goal of this is to allow for fathers to spend more time alone with the child during the toddler stage. Since the paid leave is financed by taxes, employers do not lose out when employees use their parental leave (BBC News, 2014). Funding for the parental leave benefits and lump sum maternity grants amount to about â‚ ¬ 1.83 billion (2011) (Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion). More than 80% of mothers and 70% of fathers are entitled to parental leave benefits. Cash Benefit For one and two year olds, parents can choose between a place in a day-care centre or receive a cash benefit (Ministry of Children, Equality and Social Inclusion). They can also choose to combine a reduced rate cash benefit with reduced time in a day-care centre. Only children who are one year of age can receive the cash benefit and are entitled to a maximum benefit period of 11 months. For cash benefits, only full or half cash-benefits can be chosen. The cash benefit is approximately â‚ ¬ 404 per month (2011), is non-taxable, and is paid without income or means-testing. Day-care A child is entitled to a place at a day-care centre as soon as the child turns one-year old (Andersen, 2012). Both public and private day-care centres are heavily subsidised by the state, and parents are means-tested and are charged accordingly at different rates. Fees are capped at â‚ ¬308 per month. This is in contrast to an average of â‚ ¬144 a week in Ireland. Furthermore, the childcare system in Norway is highly regulated and the standard of care is known to be of very high quality. Effectiveness A study by Lappegà ¥rd (2010) found that policies which promote involvement of fathers in childcare and gender equality such as paternal leave are positively associated with second births, while policies which grant general support for the family such as childcare cash benefits are positively related with third births. Another study conducted by Zuvander, Lappegà ¥rd and Andersson (2010) found a positive association between fathers’ parental leave use and continued childbearing in Norway for one-child and two-child couples. For families with two children, an extended period of leave for the mother was positively associated with the birth of a third-child. Furthermore, using data from Norway, Rindfuss et al. (2007) showed that the greater availability of child-care centers leads to a younger age for the first birth, and that high quality and affordable child-care leads to increased child-bearing. However, Rà ¸nsen, a Norwegian statistician, claimed that implementing generous family policies do not guarantee high fertility (BBC News, 2014). Sweden is cited as an example, whereby birth rates have not improved even though family policies were as generous as in Norway. Sweden went through a sharp increase in unemployment, after which the fertility rate fell from 2.1 in 1992 to 1.5 in 1997. It is believed that it is Norway’s combination of steady economic growth and family policies that has kept birth rates high, since people have a tendency to postpone having children during periods of economic insecurity. Pro-Natal Policies in France Background France has the second highest fertility rate in Europe, ranked after Ireland (France Diplomatie, 2013). In 2012, the fertility rate was 2.01, close to the replacement rate of 2.1. The birth rate has been increasing since 1995, and this trend has often been linked with many family policies during that period (Laroque and Salanià ©, 2008). In addition, France still maintains a high rate of female employment: 85% of women are employed (France Diplomatie, 2013). In France, fulfilment comes about from a rewarding family and social life (France Diplomatie, 2013). A 2011 study found that close to 60% of young French people were keen to start a family and have children. This figure was the highest rate in Europe. Policies Generous Monetary Benefits Women under maternity leave can receive full salary for 16 weeks, and are eligible to 26 weeks if the child is their third, and up to 34 weeks in the case of multiple births (European Union, 2014). Fathers are granted 11 consecutive days of paternity leave with full salary. Furthermore, families are entitled to monthly parental allowance if one of the two parents stops working or reduces his/her working hours to care for a child under three years of age. In addition, parents receive a family allowance after their second dependent child under 20 years of age (European Union, 2014). This monthly amount depends on the number of dependent children. After the third child, if the other two children are under 21 years, families are entitled to further family support amounting to â‚ ¬ 167.34. This is subject to means-testing Families can also receive assistance for their first child (European Union, 2014). For example, they can be paid a premium of â‚ ¬923.08 for a birth or â‚ ¬1846.15 for an adoption; a monthly allowance to assist parents with raising and education costs for three years (â‚ ¬ 184.62); family support allowance to help raise a child in the absence of help from one or both parents (ranging from â‚ ¬ 90.40 to â‚ ¬ 120.54), and a back-to-school allowance that is means-tested to help families with their children’s schooling costs (â‚ ¬ 360.47 for 6 to 10 year olds, â‚ ¬ 380.36 for 11 to 14 year olds, â‚ ¬ 393.54 for 15 to 18 year olds) Tax concessions for big families Large benefits stand to enjoy substantial tax concessions, whereby families with at least three children benefit the most (European Union, 2014). The French tax system is such that tax units are households, not individuals. Each household amounts to a number of shares determined by marital status and the number of children. Married couples are entitled to two shares, a further half-share for the first two children, and an additional one share per child after the third child. Given that taxable income is calculated as the total household income divided by the number of shares in a household, large families get to enjoy a significant reduction in taxes. Wide range of childcare services France has a comprehensive childcare and pre-school system that allows parents to continue working (European Union, 2014). Nurseries are run by businesses, the local government, or parent associations. The fees for most nurseries are means-tested. Parents can also choose to hire a licensed childminder who can look after up to 4 children at his/her home. Also, pre-school in France is free. In addition, parents with children under the age of six can make use of after-school centres, which are usually subsidised by the Familiy Allowance Fund. Effectiveness Laroque and Salanià © (2008) found a notable impact of financial incentives on fertility especially for the first and third child. Also, according to Letablier (2008), the main cause for France’s impressive fertility rate is likely due to the of support provided to parents to reduce the costs of children and in reconciling work and family life for mothers so that they can work and care for their children. The latter supports findings from a recent OECD report which found that the most effective policies to boost birth rates are the ones that help women to reconcile career and family. According to the report, government expenditure to provide childcare to help families improve work-life balance is more effective in raising fertility rates than giving money to families to subsidise births (Silverman, 2011). What Can We Learn? How Do They Suit Their Respective Economies (welfare/open economy?) France Financial incentives, though helpful in increasing fertility to a certain extent, are not as effective as helping women to reconcile work and family through the availability of childcare services and parental leave programs. Concessions on taxation, nonetheless, may be a useful tool in raising birth rates. To boost fertility, government policy should utilise a wide variety of instruments and measures to create a conducive environment for child-bearing. McDonald (2007) lends support to this by advocating for comprehensive policies over piecemeal policies, as the real importance of a single policy lies not in its econometric impact, but in how it adds to the way young people perceive their society’s support for those who have children. It is the symbolic meanings of the policies that count most. Norway Funding effective pro-natal policies may require substantial government spending, which may only be affordable to well-endowed and wealthy countries without the possibility of a deficit. Economic stability may also be a pre-condition for high and steady birth rates. Policies that advocate gender equality in parenting may be effective in raising birth rate. Granting more paternal leave to fathers can be helpful, as well as setting a minimum quota of leave to encourage fathers to spend more time caring for the child. Also, the availability of good quality and affordable child-care services can help boost fertility.

The Controversy of Standardized Testing Essays -- Standardized Testing

The Controversy of Standardized Testing â€Å"No issue in the U.S. Education is more controversial than (standardized) testing. Some people view it as the linchpin of serious reform and improvement, others as a menace to quality teaching and learning† (Phelps). A tool that educators use to learn about students and their learning capabilities is the standardized test. Standardized tests are designed to give a common measure of a student’s performance. Popular tests include the SAT, IQ tests, Regents Exams, and the ACT. â€Å"Three kinds of standardized tests are used frequently in schools: achievement, diagnostic, and aptitude† (Woolfolk 550). Achievement tests can be used to help a teacher assess a student’s strengths and weaknesses in a particular subject. Diagnostic tests are typically given to elementary school students when learning problems are suspected. Aptitude tests are designed to predict how a student will perform in the future. For example, the SAT predicts performance in the fi rst year of college. Standardized tests give educators a standard measure or â€Å"yardstick† because such a large number of students across the country take the same test. These tests are used to tell how well school programs are doing or to give a picture of the skills and abilities of students. Standardized tests; however, are problematic at all ages and levels of schooling. Standardized aptitude tests measure students’ abilities to learn in school, how well they are likely to succeed in future education. Rather than measuring knowledge of subjects taught in school, these tests measure a broad range of abilities or skills that are considered important to succeed in school. The classroom setting and teacher are the key to assessment. â€Å"Pressure to produce higher scores leads teachers to focus on material that will be covered by the tests and to exclude everything else. The curriculum is thereby narrowed, which means that some subjects are ignored. Within those that are taught, lower order thinking skills are emphasized. As a result, test scores get inflated while real learning suffers† (Phelps). Performance based assessment guarantees an increased understanding of the growth of individual child. Such understanding reduces the need for currently used standardized tests. Standards for Education and Psychological Testing (American Psychological Association) states the ... ... tests are counterproductive. Meaning that instead of leading to stronger academic achievement, it is said to interfere with teaching and learning. Teachers should use test results to improve their instruction, not to justify lower expectations or to stereotype students. Bibliography: Works Cited American Psychological Association. Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1985 Goodwin, W.L., and Driscoll, L.A. Handbook for Measurement and Evaluation in Education. San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass, 1980 Phelps, R.P. â€Å"Why Testing Experts Hate Testing.† Fordham Report, Jan. 1999: Available online: http://www.ed.excellence.net/library/phelps.htm Sacks, P. Standardized Minds: The High Price of America’s Testing Culture and What we Can do to Change it. Cambridge, Mass.: Perseus Books, Feb. 2000: Available online: http://www.fairtest.org.k12/psacks.html Wiseman, D.L., Cooner, D.D., and Knight, S.L. Becoming a Teacher in a Field-Based Setting: an Introduction to Education and Classrooms. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1999 Woolfolk, A. Educational Psychology. Needham

Tgif Case

TGIF Case Problems: Macro – Quantum Software is experiencing problems in regard to their liabilities due to their TGIF beer bust parties. Quantum is also facing the issue of continuing success in sales. Micro – Quantum over works their employees and is using the beer bust parties to keep morale high. Some employees however are taking advantage of the free beer every Friday and are consuming too much. Causes: {draw:frame} Quantum has had much success in the past three years of its existence. While that is a huge positive it comes with some responsibilities. One is keeping up on staffing issues. Quantum seems to be highly under staffed and is asking employees to work 16 hour days 6 days a week. The over worked employee gave Erin, one of the owners an idea as these individuals need to blow off some steam after these horribly long weeks Quantum is asking them to work. Another cause for their current situation concerning the beer bust Friday is Erin was its convincer. She now has a vested and seems to be bias interest in keeping beer bust Fridays despite the risk it lends to the organization. It seems that the problem would not have even come to pass if the first issue of under-staffing would have been addressed. Instead now a chain reaction of causes has taken place: Alternatives: Quantum has several options to mitigate the issue of too much liability which could affect their profits. First Quantum could ask every employee to do a breathalyzer test and sign a waiver before driving home, leaving no liability to Quantum. Another alternative to their current state is hiring more people. Obviously the work to employee ratio is too high. Quantum could move beer bash Fridays to a bar, giving the liability of when to stop serving the employees beer to the bar and its owners. The last alternative to discuss in this forum is instead of having beer bashes to just give the employees every Friday afternoon off to do with what they please. Recommendations: First, Quantum owners, Erin and Stan need to sit down with the attorney Bill and review exactly their liabilities and the kinds of suites they would be up against if something went wrong. Instead of beer bash Friday, Quantum should have a monthly happy hour at a local bar, and reassess the work load they have and hire the appropriate amount of people so that the employees have normal working hours of 40 hours a week. Also, take the opportunity with the current employees and create a psychological contract to bring out any underlying expectations both the employees have about Quantum and what Quantum has towards the employees. Both changes still provide Quantum the corporate climate they seem to be trying to attain with beer bash Fridays, however they mitigate the need for employees to ‘blow off steam’ and helps boost moral through comfortable workloads and social happy hours monthly. Lastly, by putting into place a planned change control process for future issues as Quantum grows they will be able to mitigate these types of liabilities in the future. OD Practioner Behavior Profile One â€Å"Self-Assessment Exercises† will help you gain insight into yourself and your preferences. This understanding is directly applicable to your development as an O. D. practitioner. You are expected to share the results and to discuss their implications for practitioner effectiveness with the instructor. You are encouraged to share them with your classmates online. Weekly reflection Recently at DST Systems, DST has experienced changes in the business environment. DST saw these changes when the organization started utilizing strategies such as restructuring, de-layering, downsizing, merging and acquiring. This has left the organization faced with great challenges in managing associates retention. While reading this week’s chapters I saw DST in several of the key terms, specifically during the NOGO case and describing their management style as Sluggish. DST is a great example of a Sluggish management organization. Seniority and hangers (people who just hung around and grabbed a paycheck) were the individuals rewarded. Three weeks ago I left DST after 5 years of service. I did so because of that mentality. They have operated for the last 30 months in the red. Change is upon them now as it is a cost concern. Instead of going about change in a positive and forward way, DST instead is laying off people without doing a re-organization to utilize their untapped human potential. I stayed during the layoffs and fortunately did not lose my job from it being cut. When I saw however their lack in communication about the layoffs and there was no change process communicated as no additional changes were going to be made, I decided that this corporation wasn’t moving in a direction that was positive and got out. My fear is one day DST Systems, who was once quite an innovative and inspiring corporation with a phenomenal background, will be a case in a text book for another MBA student to learn what not to do and asses where they stepped incorrectly.

Critical Analysis Essay on The Yellow Wallpaper

Critical Analysis Essay on The Yellow Wallpaper The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is a popular literary piece for critical analysis, especially in women’s gender studies. It focuses on several inequalities in the relation between John and his wife. It was published for the first time in 1892 in a New England magazine and is considered to be one of the earliest and essential feminist literary pieces in America. The story illustrates the physical as well as the mental deterioration of women during the 19 century due to a medically prescribed treatment of being allowed to do nothing. Gilman created a very effective fictional narrative based on her personal experience with depression, and this had a strong impact on other women. This story was written to condemn the sexual politics which make the medical treatment prescribed possible. The story is critically acclaimed because it brings into focus the unequal relationship the males and females in the society. The male gender is perceived to dominate society while the female gender is not given the space to make decisions independently of men. This is seen in the instances when John belittles his wife’s creative endeavors. John does not respect his wife, and so he treats her like one of his children by calling her a little girl. This makes the wife dislike her house. To her, the environment seems too isolated, making her unhappy. The story portrays women in Western society as deprived of their rights. Instead, they are treated like objects or men’s possessions. They have nowhere to exercise their personal freedoms, and they feel belittled by the male counterparts. For instance, John keeps on dismissing his wife’s thoughts and opinions. He believes that his wife should depend solely on him for almost everything. This is why this story has enjoyed such popularity, mostly by women who feel that they deserve a better place in the society, that they need space to exercise their creativity and productivity. Women feel they have strong potential and the ability to do anything, just like men do, and they should not depend on men for everything. Rather, they should depend on men as much as men depend on women. Women should have their decisions respected, and no one should dismiss their ideas. Instead, ideas should be shared and debated, regardless of gender. Moreover, men should support women as equals rather than belittle them. In Gilman’s story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† John acts as the mirror through which women are viewed negatively in the society, a society in which women are not perceived to be full citizens. They are not supposed to be anywhere near the political arena or in the public eye. Instead, they should remain in their homes. This view has led to women fighting for their rights through creating women movements to fight for their place in the society. Tips on Writing a Critical Essay over a Literary Piece First, it is important to understand that a critical essay is not a criticism of the literary piece or of its author. It is your reaction or response to the piece. Begin by reading the piece several times, if possible. Highlight and make notes on anything that captures your attention. That could be a phrase, a character’s thought or action, or an event. Then analyze why that interests you. What is the significance? What is the writer trying to achieve? Knowing the writer’s background and the social or historical time period in which a story takes place is helpful in understanding the significance of characters or story events. Then, create a thesis statement that reflects your opinion about some aspect of the literary piece. Next, utilize evidence from the piece to support your opinion. Finally, organize your writing in a logical fashion. Do not retell the story or present details in chronological order. Assume your reader knows the literary piece being discussed and is interested in your opinion and how you support it. Our custom essay writing service is ready to provide you with high-quality custom written essays. All you need is to contact our writing company and to fill in the order form.

The Fiscal Initiative of Proposition 13 essays

The Fiscal Initiative of Proposition 13 essays The popular initiative process has played a role in the evolution of a stronger state presence in local affairs. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the California Constitution was modified with a series of measures approved by the voters that reflected the "progressive" mood of the times, including the initiative, referendum, and recall system. These provisions have significantly influenced the state's fiscal health. State fiscal policymakers find themselves setting policy in response to major policy changes approved by the voters and brought to them by a parallel policy-making process often sponsored by narrow interests that have failed to accomplish the same objective in the legislative process. Perhaps the most famous fiscal initiative was Proposition 13, "The People's Initiative to Limit Property Taxation," proposed by anti-tax activists Howard Jarvis and Paul Gann. This 1978 initiative capped the local property tax rate at 1 percent of full cash value, originally set at 1975 market value, and provided that the assessed value of a property could only be increased to reflect the sale or new construction of the property. Overall annual increases in assessed value for individual properties are capped at 2 percent or inflation, whichever is less. To prevent the legislature from increasing state taxes to cover the loss in local property taxes, Proposition 13 raised the vote threshold to increase a state tax from a majority vote to two-thirds of the legislature. This threshold remains in place today. Proposition 13 severely limited local services financed by the property tax, particularly for schools, and transferred much of school funding to the state. In 1988, California vo ters approved another initiative, Proposition 98, which guarantees a minimum level of state revenues and property taxes to be provided to K-14 education. Some analysts contend that Proposition 98 is a ceiling rather than a floor for education spending. A...

Animal rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Animal rights - Essay Example Using animals for this purpose has its advantages and limitations. The intensive research carried out in any medical lab is with an intention of making human life better in terms of good health. There are several medical breakthroughs that have saved mankind a great deal that has originated from performing experiments on animals. Examples of this include organ transplant, open heart surgery, and insulin administration to regulate blood sugar. In addition, it is an accurate way of understanding the human response to a certain medical technique without endangering the life of a human being. Necessary changes can be made if the desired response is not achieved. Both human and animal lives are saved due to the rights of the animals used in the lab. Humans only receive drugs that have undergone thorough scrutiny and are sure to deliver intended results. Another crucial benefit that arise with the use animals in the lab is the increased precision and assurance of the results compared to the use of computer models in prediction of the outcome. Despite hav ing different philology to humans animal testing turns out to be the best method of assuring human safety after administration of a certain type of drug (Murnaghan 1). A particular research is carried out with the betterment of human life on the forefront of researchers. The rights of the animals used in the lab have made it possible for the achievement of human safety without harming the animals. Numerous medical procedures and drugs used to date are as a result of testing that was carried out on lab animals. The animals aid in improving human well-being and comfortable existence. Despite the benefits achieved from the animals, various disadvantages from the use of animals in the lab. The increased cost of research is the first disadvantage. The animals that are used for research purpose need to be housed, fed and live under controlled environment for the achievement of

Application and Technology Architectures Assignment

Application and Technology Architectures - Assignment Example Various research and anecdotal evidence is directed to software aging as a common element, in which the software state system degrades over time. Data corruption, exhaustion of system resources, and numerical error are the main signs of degradation of software performance, hang failure, or other effects. Software rejuvenation is a proactive method intended to lower the probability of unplanned outages because of aging. When the implementation plan for RPS materializes for the next a half decade it can reach new levels in business and survive in the market. RPS application architecture The Reliable Pharmaceutical Service has many existing systems and documents that undergo reviews. The company’s team will come up with the model of the entire organization. The application architecture for Reliable Pharmaceutical Service will help the company to map the business and operation functions that it performs. Additionally, the architecture shows the data type the entire company uses an d creates. The application architecture examines each and every location where the function of the business is carried out. Therefore, the plan puts together various integrated information system for the company. In addition, the architecture outlines the series required to implement the needed systems. For instance, the architecture has development and supply chain management (CSM). This is because knowledge management is one of the crucial factors in a pharmaceutical company. Real-time, customer integration, online, external service, and suppliers providers helps the company to have good customer connection with the suppliers, service providers, and customers (Fowler, 2003). The crucial components of CSM, especially the inventory management components, need further scrutiny before the support system for the customers project can begin. Other features captured in the application architecture include the accounting and finance (payroll, accounts payable, and billing), and marketing (investor relations, customer acquisition, and customer relations). The customer support system will implement the fulfillment system and order-processing that integrates the supply chain management to support web-based ordering, phone, and development of custom in-house. The retail store system is to replace the present retail store system that can be integrated with the customer support system. The human resources in the plan are to buy the package solution, to maximize the access of employees to benefits information, human resource procedures, and human resource forms. The accounting/ finance in the plan are to buy a package solution to maximize the access of the employee to financial record for control and planning (â€Å"Application architecture guide†, 2009). The figure below is an application architecture plan for RPS for the next five years. RPS technology architecture Reliable Pharmaceutical Service defines the technology architecture plan based on their information systems required. The plan includes the communication network, software and hardware needed to implement all the planned systems. The company looked at the technology trends and made commitment to technology vendors and other specific technologies. Creating the technology plan creates a comprehensive information for planning projects that would solve all the problems that the managers of

BUSINESS CASE Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

BUSINESS - Case Study Example The company, for this reason, wanted to restock its product line and rebrand its image. To be able to do this, the company wanted to enter into Chinas luxury market goods market that was reported to be growing by 70% each year. The plan was to open up new stores in the three largest cities of China that include Beijing, Guangzhou and Shanghai. The other very important objective of the company was to select a winning team that would lead this new entry into the Chinese market. These stores had to have the most talented and qualified human resource to enable them do well in the new market space. For this reason, all the actions that this company would commit itself to afterward, should be pointed towards achieving one goal of having a winning team or workforce that can lead their new venture in China. The issue that requires a decision in this case is whether to employ Mimi Brewster, daughter of John Brewster who is a good friend to the Hathaway CEO, Fred, to lead a team that would open the flagship store in Shanghai. It is hard making the decision on whether to employ her or not, to consider both the negative and positive sides of her. On the positive side, Mimi is a strong candidate for the position with both good education and experience background that fits the fashion industry. With her experience working with the largest clothing, shoe and accessories company in the United States, where she launched two new brands, she made a very good candidate to be chosen to sell the Hathaway agenda in China. On the other hand, the vice-president of Hathaway, Virginia Flanders, found a non-palatable information from Google about Mimi that would make her consideration decision be a hard thing to make. The information that was printed in the Alternative Review in 1999 identified Mimi to ha ve been the leader of a non-violent, but vocal protest group that was known to have helped mobilize campaigns against the World Trade Organization. Another newspaper featured Mimis

Twayne’s Social Movements Essay Example for Free

Twayne’s Social Movements Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It has often been said that the work of all good authors are shaped by the times through which they live, for with personal experience, the author is given the unique ability to temper even research of past events with their own trials and tribulations.   Such is the case when looking at the work of the controversial author Herbert Aptheker, whose unique historical perspective was influenced by his life experiences, political beliefs, and the changing world around him.   In this research, one of Aptheker’s pivotal works, â€Å"Abolitionism: A revolutionary Movement† will be the focus, along with other works of his being considered to add depth to the research, as well as the facts of the life of this controversial author himself. Author’s Thesis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, Aptheker’s thesis, not only in this work but in many others which he wrote in a very prolific career, is that slave labor is a key element which made it possible for the United States to be able to reach the economic, military, and cultural heights that it did in less than a century from its foundation, and also that slaves made it possible for many people to become wealthy at the expense of people who simply had no say in the matter.   Therefore, Aptheker maintains, there is a level of reparation which the descendants of slaves are entitled to receive.   This thesis, it appears, has a substantial basis in the political beliefs of Herbert Aptheker himself. Further research into Aptheker the individual has indicated that he, by many accounts, was an avowed Marxist and Socialist, and these beliefs tempered his analysis of the practice of slavery, its abolition, and the firm belief that while slaves contributed a great deal to the advancement of American society, those who were slaves of course did not receive their fair share of the fruits of their labors, and that slaves had a great deal more potential to realize than what they did in their slave roles, and of course in many cases fulfilled their greatest potential only after being freed from the bondage of slavery itself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aptheker’s thesis makes more sense, in fact, when it is compared to the ideas of Marxism, which likewise proclaims that those who are enslaved by the wealthy in society must in fact rise up and claim their own rightful piece of the fruits of labor, lest they be crushed under the feet of those who would use them for their muscle and effort, without providing them with just compensation for the amount of work they have put in to whatever they are doing.            Book Summary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Abolitionism† is as unique a book as was the author that wrote it.   Overall, what the book succeeds in doing is to overturn all of the conventional myths about the practice of slavery in the early southern United States from several different perspectives.   To begin, Aptheker challenges the myth that all of the people who lived in the southern United States in the years prior to the American Civil War were all strongly in favor of slavery. Rather, Aptheker maintains in the book, those show supported slavery in the south were essentially those who were able to benefit financially from the practice of slavery itself, such as the plantation owners who used huge numbers of slave laborers in order to allow for the harvesting of crops in efficient and inexpensive ways, thereby maximizing profits (Aptheker).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moving forward in Aptheker’s book, he then challenges the assertion that those who fought for the Confederate States of America during the Civil War were all pro-slavery.   Rather, Aptheker maintains, many of these individuals were either interested in maintaining freedom from what they saw as an increasingly oppressive federal government, or simply to protect their homes and families from the invading armies of the north. Therefore, these were not slavery supporters but were simply doing what most people would do in a similar situation-protect their land and loved ones.   Additionally, the author also makes it clear that freed slaves could, and did, contribute a great deal to the political climate of the United States, and were in fact highly regarded by whites, thereby totally debunking the myth that once a slave, always seen as a slave by others (Aptheker).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ultimately, having defeated many of the myths of American slavery, Aptheker moves forward with his discussion of â€Å"Abolitionism† by discussing how the slave labor of the early United States in fact helped to build up the early United States, and since this progress would not have been possible without slaves, these same slaves, or more correctly the descendants of these slaves, are in fact entitled to financial reparations in a way of compensating them for the hardships inflicted upon them at the hands of slave owners (Aptheker).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Overall, what one sees in reviewing Aptheker’s book is a challenging of the misconceptions about slavery, the fight against slavery, and the aftermath.   As was mentioned in earlier portions of this research, the author’s theories seem to have been shaped as much by his life experience and political leanings as anything. How the Author Wrote the Book   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was stated earlier in the research that Aptheker seems to have relied heavily on his life experiences and political opinions in the writing of â€Å"Abolitionism†, and this is a more reliable fact when the book is looked at in a much closer manner.   Beyond this, Aptheker also utilized historical material in the form of primary materials to form the foundation of his book.   There is also something much more important that Aptheker used in the writing of this particular book which makes it all the more unique and compelling. This book was written in the final years of Aptheker’s life- a life which led him to study the human condition, write and lecture on it extensively, and fearlessly state his opinions on the topic, many times to his own disadvantage.   What this has done, however, is allowed an insight that very few authors could ever achieve, and this comes through in this, and many other works of Aptheker’s. An Opinion of the Book   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In one humble opinion, based on research, Aptheker’s book is a well researched, eye-opening work, as long as the reader keeps in mind that the author has a very specific political slant in writing it.   However, it must also be noted that the researcher was impressed by the fact that this book was able to challenge myths that are based on only a few opinions, and that Aptheker took the chance of using established research, modern political theory, and logical conclusions to put together not only an historic work of research, but also insightful social commentary. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this research, a controversial man and his insightful book about a controversial topic have been discussed and analyzed.   More importantly, however, it seems that in the final analysis, Herbert Aptheker and his vast body of work have forced all of us to take a closer look at ourselves. Putting aside what some would consider to be Aptheker’s questionable political beliefs, what we see when looking at the man and his work with a healthy dose of tolerance and respect for his point of view is a man who understood all too well the depths to which the human mind can plummet in pursuit of its own goals, how innocent people can be hurt in the process, and also how the struggle against the establishment has taken place in the past and must continue in the future.   In conclusion, perhaps this is Aptheker’s most lasting legacy.

Responsibilities Of Man In The Family English Literature Essay

Responsibilities Of Man In The Family English Literature Essay Family is an assembly of people who have marital relationship and blood related individuals, living under the same roof. A group of many families living together is considered a society. In other words, family is a cell of a modern society. Each and every individual has the responsibility of building up a happy family. In the current world, the man plays a very special role which affects not only his current family but also later generations. There is a saying in Vietnamese: Men are the ones who build the house, while women are the one who create the home. We can see that the man is always the strong one, who does the heaviest work for his family. However, it does not mean that the mans role is just to support the family financially, building the house or providing settlement. In contrast, the man should also help the womans duties such as raising children or doing house works. In my opinion, being a man of the family is not a simple job because he has to use as much of his strength as possible to build up his family. Hence, it seems to be a difficult work for all men in the world. Marriage is a combination of the man and the woman, according to  Mignon McLaughlin, an American journalist and author, a successful marriage requires falling in love many times, always with the same person (Quotation #31121 from Laura Moncurs Motivational Quotations). To become the man of the family, firstly, he has to be a good husband. A good husband is the man who understands his wifes needs and wants. Any woman wants her husband to be a successful man and always share with her all problems in life. Zig Ziglar (also known as Hilary Hinton Ziglar) said: Many marriages would be better if the husband and the wife clearly understood that they are on the same side. For the Christians, when a man and a woman are getting married, they always promise to love each other forever and be side by side through sickness, poverty, even the hardest times of life. Therefore, we can easily see that love is the first requirement of being a husband. The husband needs to give his wife the love and to regard her like his most important property, not a maid for free in the house. Intense love, compassion, altruism, understanding from the husband is the thing woman wants the most. I think a man should open his mind to listen to his wife because thats one of the moral standards. Listening and understanding is always the important thing to do for his wife. According to Swedish Proverb, Shared joy is a double joy, and shared grief is half the grief. As we may know, a woman loves by eyes and ears, thus she will be very happy when she gets a good compliment from the husband. In addition, when the wife feels happy, she will do everything to make her family become happie r and happier. Therefore, I believe sharing with woman can help man build up a happy family much easier. Displaying your love and respect to your wife, the mother of your children, is a clear demonstration about how to love and respect important people in their lives. (Mark Greenfield, Becoming a perfect father) Dividing the responsibilities in a family depends on cultures. For example, it is common for some household that the husband is the only one who goes to work and gives financial support for the whole family, while the wife takes care of all the house works and raises children. Rarely, the husband will do some part of the chores when he feels like it. In this situation, the man of the family becomes the main financial provider. However, in some other families, many hard works such as fixing or maintaining the houses equipments can be done by paying a third party service. Hence, making money becomes the most important assignment that the man has to concentrate on. Because making money is a busy and tense work, a man sometimes forgets to do other activities with his wife and children such as: go to a base ball game, or spending an hour to help his wife washing the dishes. As a result, it is one of the reasons which make family members often separate from each other. Moreover, it is not a good situation at all and it must be changed. I personally think the man in the house must not only care about the financial support but also participate on other family activities. According to Dr. Phil McGraw, if men want to be successful in their marriage and family life, they have to change and broaden their definition of what it means to be successful as a man. Being a good provider, protector, leader and teacher is a privilege that comes with responsibilities that many men arent aware of.(The role of the man in the family) Nowadays, there are many women choose to be single mothers. They are confident that even when lacking the support of the men, they can still be able to live well, raising the children to become good people without the need of their childrens father. However, that will not give the children all the care they need, as a proverb in Vietnamese: the child without his/her father is like the house without its roof. On the other hand, the mother cannot teach her child all the skills that the childs father can do. No matter how masculine the woman is, there are always tasks that only men can do. How can she raise her son to become a real man, without the affection of all the feminine she has? And how can she give her precious girl a good imagine of the daughters future partner? They will just simply take all the trait of their only parent, thus hardening all the tasks on the mother, will may not relevant at early age, but become more clearly as they grow up. A life without a man in the family will cause many difficulties to the woman. As the result, she will have to do all the house works, while taking care of the kids and keeping the familys financial situation at an acceptable rate. How does she suppose to do all that jobs at the same time? If the woman is in a rich family, or she already has a well paying job, then the tasks can be less pressuring. However, those are only rare exceptions. In contrast, many single mothers having trouble balancing the duties all at once. Therefore, she will need a man to share all the weight on her shoulder in order to keep the family happy and affluent at all time. According to Census Bureau Reports, in 2006, 12.9 million families in the U.S. were headed by a single-parent, 80% of which were headed by a female. Single parent families are at a higher risk of poverty than couple families, and on average single mothers have poorer health than couple. Single parenting is strongly associated with an increas ed risk of a number of negative social, behavioral and emotional outcomes for children. Educating the kids is not an individual task. In contrast, must be done by both the parents. Children are extremely sensitive, and always eager to learn new things from the world. Every little thing from the outer environment will affect their perspective. In addition, it will decide the childrens behaviour when they grow up. They will just simply mimic all what they think that are interesting. However, the actions that the children try to mimic may not be all right. Supposedly there may be bad behaviours such as bullying or stealing. As time goes by, they will consider that those actions are the righteous, without regarding its true meaning. Therefore, parents always have to act as role model, not only while teaching their kid, but in everyday actions. Its similar to growing a tree, if we dont take care enough since it was a seed, the tree will not give out its expected juicy fruit. For example, considering a family of the sporty type, in which there are many sports activities are d one by both the father and the son. The boy will soon get the habit of doing sport, and keep practicing them when he grows up. Moreover, that man will spread his hobby to the next generation when he starts having family on his own. In the other hand, in the family of the arguing type, where parents always shout at each other, the children will be affected, and become mentally ill. That cycle will continue forever, until there are changes in the new family. However, that does not mean that any successful men can also success in being a father. Sometime, the man focuses his mind completely to his busy career, and then forgets his duty as a father. It will make some bad effects on the child. Therefore, I believe its important for the man to balance between his family and job. Closeness to fathers during childhood is positively related to adult daughters and sons educational and occupational mobility and their psychological adjustment and well-being. Amato, P.R. (1994) Father-child rela tions, mother-child relations, and offspring psychological well-being in early adulthood In my opinion, father plays an important role in affecting teenagers personality. For example, the girls always use their fathers images as the model for their boy friend or future husband. If the relationship between father and daughter is close and they often have conservations together, the girl will be more confident in choosing boyfriend. When the girl has better understanding of the opposite gender, she can avoid misunderstandings and unnecessary worries. As a female, when the girl gets dressed, she wants to be the centre of the attentions. Therefore, if the father can understand and commend on her dresses, it will affect to her way of dressing and living. In other hand, a boy always has his secret which is not easy to say out. In addition, he is easy to be influent by his friends bad habits. Therefore, if he has a good guider who encourages his mind and knowledge, he will be prevented from the wrong way in his life. Furthermore, the boy will be deeply getting his father charac ters effect. There is substantial involvement of fathers in a subset of this high-risk sample, although more than a quarter of the children lacked a father or father figure. The mere presence of a father did not significantly influence the neglect of the children; rather, the nature of his involvement did. Fathers who felt more effective as parents were less likely to have neglected their children. A greater sense of efficacy may reflect parenting skills and be important in enhancing the contribution of fathers to their childrens well-being. Dubowitz H., MD, MS; Black M.M., PhD; Kerr M.A., MS; 2000; Father and Child Neglect In conclusion, the man plays a very important role in the family. He has to fulfill the duty of not only the husband, the father but also the mental leader. As a husband, he has to understand and sympathy with his wife, his soul-mate. As a father, he has the responsibility to teach his son and daughter the skills needed to become good people. As a mental leader, he has to remain calm and strong in any situations. However, it is not easy to perform all those tasks perfectly simultaneously, but with a strong heart and a clear determination, nothing is impossible. BIBLIOGRAPHIES Dubowitz H., MD, MS; Black M.M., PhD; Kerr M.A., MS; 2000; Father and Child Neglect; Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000; pp.154:135-141 Nord, Christine Winquist, Father Involvement in Schools. ERIC Digets. Eirini Flouri and Ann Buchanan, The Role of Father Involvement and Mother Involvement in Adolescents Psychological Well-being, British Journal of Social Work (2003) Mignon McLaughlin, quotation #31121, from Laura Moncurs Motivational Quotations. Zig Ziglars famous quotation from: www.famous-quotes-and-quotations.com/ marriage-quotes.html Swedish Proverb, quotation from: http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Swedish_proverbs#S Amato, P.R. (1994) Father-child relations, mother-child relations, and offspring psychological well-being in early adulthood Bergman, Mike (March 27, 2007). Single-Parent Households Showed Little Variation Since 1994. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2009-08-31 Dr Phil McGraw, the role of the man in the family Mark Greenfield, becoming a perfect father

Dialectic of the Union Blockade during the Civil War Essay -- U.S. His

The Civil War in the United States from 1861 to 1865 serves as a dark reminder of how disjointed a nation can become over issues that persistently cause heated debate among party factions. Most students that have taken courses in American history understand the disadvantage possessed by the Confederate States of America as they fought against the powerful Union army for what they perceived as a necessary institution of slavery. Historians have debated over the effectiveness of the blockade and if it was important in creating the failures faced by the Confederate States of America. This debate has generated the contested question of â€Å"Did the Union blockade succeed in the American Civil War?† The blockade, whether considered a success or an absolute failure on the part of the Union, holds grand significance in the history of the United States. The increased development in the Union’s naval department correlates directly with the necessity of possessing ships that cou ld withstand the threat of blockade running. This dialectic will focus on two opposing theses on the matter of how successful the Union blockade was in guaranteeing a victory for the Union. Within â€Å"Reassessment of the Union Blockade’s Effectiveness in the Civil War,† M. Brem Bonner and Peter McCord make an argument for the success of the blockade by assessing statistical data comprised from the efforts of blockade-runners to breach the hindrance caused by the Union. The authors frequently employ the objecting side of the effectiveness argument when discussing the legality of the blockade and the successes some blockade-runners had in smuggling goods in and out of the Confederacy. On the opposing side of the argument, Daniel O’Flaherty condemns the blockade as ineffecti... ...he historian who reviews the event. The Confederates were able to continue blockade running up until the conclusion of the war, while the Union strengthened its navy in order to compensate for the imbalance of ship maneuverability. If the blockade proved completely effective, the supplies Confederate soldiers possessed throughout the war would have unobtainable via blockade running. It would also distort the history of the Civil War to name the blockade as the main reason for the South’s deterioration, when it only aided to existing problems leading to the conclusion to the war after the South’s surrender. Works Cited Bonner, Michael Brem and Peter McCord. "Reassessment of the Union Blockade's Effectiveness in the Civil War." The North Carolina Historical Review (2011): 375-395. O'Flaherty, Daniel. "The Blockade that Failed." American Heritage 6.5 (1955).

“Born For Liberty” by Sara M. Evans Essay

The Introduction part of the book Born for Liberty by Sara M. Evans is the written path of being informed of the History of Women in America. As it is mentioned in the first few pages of this book, there is a lack of information that we need to fill in ourselves. We have all heard from many historians specially, that our World cannot take the right direction if it finds its past obscured and hard to be seen! I believe a lot of things are connected to each other, and history is one of the most relevant part of our globe and the reason being is because we depend on what our ancestors had been through! The fact that I am using the word depend might confuse you by giving you the wrong idea! In the past, there have been a lot of wonderful, but without forgetting to mention the â€Å"not so pretty† moments that people have lived years ago! Historians are the ones who are willing to examine and study the roots of out life in order to offer us the opportunity to improve our chances of the event that might happen again as it usually does when there are pieces of the puzzle missing! We learn from what had happened to our ancestors, and this way we figure out something else that should improve our life, and diminishing the chances of something ugly to happen again! I guess, all of us know that there has been an abundance of distinct wars in many different countries, and as the years are going by we are reducing the numbers of wars around the world and that is because we learned from the other’s mistakes! Now going back to the main topic, the history of Women in America, there is a great deal to talk about! Everybody, even my little sister can notice that women are kind of excluded from our History and it has always been that way till’ now! There was always this vision we had in our minds, that there was always a HE rather than a SHE! We always viewed women as weak creatures designed only for housework, and offering pleasure to the man she stands by! If you have noticed, the fairy tails and the other old stories we have heard during the years we grew, there was always the prince, the hero, the superman, etc! Well, I think it is time for us to have a look at the female part of the world and try to accept their accomplishments during the years that have passed! Women were always excluded from most formal public roles, and as the years passed they learned how to be heard and Sara M. Evans  supports really well this idea by giving a good example of this that is mentioned in the introduction part of the book when it says: † The most extreme example is the women of Salem, Massachusetts; as accused witches, accusers, and witnesses, these women held an entire colony in thrall for months† (Evans 4). There have also been feminist historians who have dedicated their lives primarily to clear the bad opinion people saved relating to women. Now it is more than obvious and lucid that women have really shaped the broader history and they have given it the flavor it lacked back then! They were the ones who helped to solve the uncountable problems the government had with the immigrants, the ethnic problems and the other ones that would still be present if it wasn’t for the intellectual women who set goals to themselves! This is what Sara M. Evans is trying to explain in her book Born For Liberty!

5 things you should never say when asking for a raise

5 things you should never say when asking for a raise In the world of work, there are few situations more anxiety-provoking than asking for a raise. Summoning the courage to confront your boss and ask for more money can prove daunting for even the most confident of employees- it’s just something we’d prefer to have happen to us rather than having to proactively go after it. In reality, there are times when you’ll need to take the first step towards securing a raise if you want to make it happen, which means you’ll have to initiate the discussion- and there are certainly some approaches you should avoid if you want it to work out in your favor. When the time comes for you to ask for a raise, be sure to avoid the following five conversation pitfalls!1. â€Å"It’s not fair†¦Ã¢â‚¬ This conversation red flag implies that you think you’re being unfairly treated and it could be interpreted that you think your boss isn’t doing a great job of†¦well†¦being your boss. Your goal duri ng a productive raise conversation should be to demonstrate your value to the company, not to vent about how badly you think you’re being treated- whether it’s true or not.2. â€Å"I’ve worked here for X years†¦Ã¢â‚¬ This is a common raise conversation mistake and typically never leads to a convincing argument that a raise is well deserved. Although a work anniversary is a common time to have a performance review where raises often get discussed, in reality your years of service don’t automatically translate into perceived value for your employer.Your specific contributions to the company you work for, and how they contribute to the bottom line, is the key here, and should be the focus of your raise conversation- not the fact that you’ve simply been showing up for a certain number of years (no matter how long it has been). While company loyalty is commendable, unless it’s specified in the terms of your hiring agreement it doesnâ€℠¢t mean a raise is in order.3. â€Å"I know someone here who makes way more than me†¦Ã¢â‚¬ This is never a good topic to bring to your boss’s attention, inside or outside of a raise conversation. Discussing salaries with coworkers is typically frowned up by employees and could lead to unintended punitive actions. Furthermore, it does little to demonstrate your personal value as an employee- in fact, it could make you seem petty or bitter, which will not likely help your case.4. â€Å"If I don’t get the raise I want I’m leaving†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Adopting an adversarial tone rarely works out well in any negotiation, let alone while making a case for why you deserve a raise. Simply put, it’s human nature to feel threatened when given an ultimatum such as this. Do you want to move forward in your relationship with your boss on this footing? At best, you’ll get your raise with a side order of negative feelings and resentment for your tactless approac h, and at worst they might just take the other option and show you the door†¦5. â€Å"You need me more than I need you†¦Ã¢â‚¬ See pitfall #4. Once again, this contentious approach is the opposite of how you should proceed in a raise conversation and will likely have the opposite effect of what you’re aiming for. A surefire way to get on your boss’s bad side is to tell them that they need you more than you need them, and they may even take the opportunity to prove you wrong by letting you go- not exactly the result you’re aiming for, is it?Your raise conversation is a classic â€Å"show, not tell† moment- showcase your value to the company with real measurable data and quantifiable evidence and you’ll have a much better shot at getting that raise than merely telling your boss that you’re great and they’re not.Here’s the bottom line- if you’re planning on initiating a raise conversation with your boss, plan for it as you would any other persuasive presentation. Come equipped with a list of convincing, undeniable evidence that demonstrates why you’re worth a salary increase- not why you feel entitled to one and upset why it hasn’t happened yet. Many bosses are â€Å"bottom line† thinkers, and if you can make a case that highlights your value to their bottom line, then you’ve put yourself in the best possible position to get the raise you’re aiming for. And if you hear yourself saying any of the five conversation pitfalls mentioned here, act fast and pivot the conversation quickly!